Natural capital is everything nature provides us for free. It comprises renewables and non-renewables. Renewables carry on providing value for ever, as long as thresholds are not crossed, whereas non-renewables can only be used once. Natural capital policy requires compensation for damage, pollution taxes and the economic rents from depleting non-renewables to be deployed for a major restoration programme, underpinning sustainable economic growth. The seminar sets out the aggregate natural capital rules, the identification of assets-at-risk and how to protect the natural environment in the face of major population growth and infrastructure developments.