Weldon Memorial Prize Lecture: Endless forms most beautiful: geometry, physics, and biology

Darwin concluded Origin of Species with the phrase “.. endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.” How might this happen? I will attempt to show that simple geometrical ideas and physical principles for active growth and flow help to link molecular genetics to multicellular tissue morphogenesis in developing organisms and across evolutionary time, in such instances as laying out elements of the animal body plan, e.g. gastrulation, elongation, and segmentation, and creating functional organs e.g. guts, brains, and beaks.