Entrapment neuropathies are caused by compression or irritation of nerves as they travel through narrow anatomical spaces. Common conditions include carpal tunnel syndrome and sciatica. Entrapment neuropathies represent the most common nerve injury and cause for nerve-related (neuropathic) pain. For science, entrapment neuropathy is also a unique model system as we can have access to injured human nerves in the context of neuropathic pain. In this talk, I will highlight how studying people with entrapment neuropathies in detail has helped us advance our understanding of mechanisms involved in nerve injury and neuropathic pain.